GI malignancy
Description
| Cancer | Dominant histology | Key driver |
|---|---|---|
| Oesophageal | SCC (upper/mid) vs adenocarcinoma (lower/GOJ) | SCC: alcohol, smoking, HPV. Adeno: obesity + GORD -> Barrett |
| Gastric | Adenocarcinoma - intestinal vs diffuse (signet ring) | *H. pylori, salt, smoking; CDH1* for diffuse |
| HCC | Hepatocellular | Cirrhosis of any cause; HBV without cirrhosis |
| Cholangiocarcinoma | Adenocarcinoma | PSC, liver flukes, choledochal cysts |
| Pancreatic | Ductal adenocarcinoma | Smoking, chronic pancreatitis, BRCA2, new-onset diabetes |
| Colorectal | Adenocarcinoma | Adenoma-carcinoma sequence; Lynch, FAP |
| NET / GIST | Neuroendocrine; KIT/PDGFRA | Carcinoid syndrome; GIST -> imatinib |
| Lymphoma | MALT (gastric), DLBCL | *H. pylori* (MALT); coeliac (EATL) |
- In children the commonest GI malignancy is lymphoma - crampy pain, vomiting/obstruction, bleeding, palpable mass
6 more sections, plus exam facts
Premium unlocks every note across every specialty, and the full exam fact library behind it.
Get premium access