Malnutrition
Description
- Deficiency (or excess/imbalance) of energy, protein or micronutrients with measurable adverse effects on body composition, function and outcome
Types
| Marasmus | Energy deficiency. Wasting, no oedema, preserved albumin |
| Kwashiorkor | Protein-deficient. Oedema, hepatomegaly, dermatitis (typically perioral/perianal), flaky-paint rash, hair changes |
| Marasmic kwashiorkor | Both |
| Disease-related malnutrition | The hospital problem: inflammation + reduced intake + increased requirement |
| Sarcopenia | Loss of muscle mass and function - independent predictor of mortality |
- Micronutrient deficiency occurs at any BMI - obesity does not exclude malnutrition
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