Specific antidotes in poisoning/overdose
Core concept
- Antidotes work by one of four mechanisms - knowing which explains the timing and the endpoint
| Mechanism | Examples |
|---|---|
| Receptor antagonism | Naloxone, flumazenil, atropine, glucagon |
| Enzyme reactivation or bypass | Pralidoxime, methylene blue, hydroxocobalamin |
| Substrate repletion / competition | NAC, folinic acid, ethanol/fomepizole, glucarpidase |
| Binding / chelation | Digoxin Fab, desferrioxamine, DMSA, activated charcoal, idarucizumab, andexanet, intralipid |
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